Phil makes a contract with Ingrid for his old shed to be torn down in exchange for £200. His next-door neighbour Andrew, who thinks the shed is an eye-sore, says he will pay Ingrid an extra £100 for taking down Phil's shed. Ingrid accepts and takes down the shed. Has Ingrid provided consideration for Andrew's promise?

When will the courts imply a customary term into a contract?

How do the courts determine the meaning of an express term of the contract?

Kefka hires Lenne as an employee to help manage her business. The employment contract includes a clause stating that any breach of contract claim against Kefka may not make use of any confidential information acquired in the course of Lenne's employment as evidence. Is this clause subject to the requirement of reasonableness under the Unfair Contract Clause Act 1977?

In which two scenarios can a person rely on the defence of undue influence against a third-party?

Complete this sentence: The defence of undue influence renders the contract...

In which three scenarios must an exclusion or limitation clause satisfy the requirement of reasonableness under the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 before it can be enforced?

For the purposes of unilateral mistake, when is a term 'vital' to the contract?

Bob offers to sell Arthur a wedding dress for $400. Arthur responds by asking if the veil is included for that price. What is the legal nature of Arthur's response?

When is an exclusion or limitation clause unfair under the Consumer Rights Act 2015?

When the courts imply a term in law, they are seeking to give effect to the parties' intentions. True or false?

Marty purchases a package holiday from his friend Emmett. Emmett states that the contract will be agreed on his standard terms, and hands Marty a copy of these terms for him to read. On the front page, in large font and bold red letters, is an exclusion clause. Marty pretends to read it, but because he is illiterate, he does not understand any of it. Emmett does not know Marty is illiterate. Marty agrees to contract on the those terms. Has Emmett taken reasonable steps to give notice to Marty?

Which four factors indicate that an exclusion or limitation clause is reasonable under the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977?

Kefka hires Lenne as an employee to help manage her business. The employment contract includes a clause stating that any breach of contract claim against Kefka may not include a claim for an injunction. Is this clause subject to the requirement of reasonableness under the Unfair Contract Clause Act 1977?

Stephen is struggling to find a venue for his up-coming book signing. Jameel decides to help him on his own initiative. Jameel finds the perfect place, and out of gratitude Stephen offers to give him £100 as a reward. He later changes his mind. Is Stephen bound to pay the money?

Annabelle tells the swim team she is coaching that she will give £500 to the first member of the team that swims the English Channel. Ricardo, one of the team members, is not present. The next day he decides to swim the English Channel for fun, not knowing about Annabelle's offer. If he completes the challenge, is Annabelle bound to pay him the money?

Maisy enters into a contract over the phone with a man falsely claiming to be her estranged cousin, John. Maisy later seeks to argue that she should not be bound by the contract, because she would not have entered into the contract had she known the man was not John. Is the man's identity a vital term of the contract?

What two elements will the courts consider when determining whether an exclusion clause covers negligent breach in cases where the clause does not explicitly mention negligence?

The parties in a case reached an agreement for the claimant to do some work, but that agreement was stated to be subject to contract. Despite a written contract never being signed, the parties have begun performing as if there were a contract. Do the terms of the 'subject to contract' agreement apply?

Dennis owes Maureen £1000. He asks her if she will discharge the debt if he pays her £500. Maureen agrees, because she needs the money to avoid being liable to a third-party and therefore thinks the arrangement is practically beneficial. Has Dennis provided consideration for Maureen's promise to accept the lesser amount?

Erica is a software programmer who was contracted to develop systems for Herbert's business. She begins to have money troubles, and asks Herbert for the extra £100 she needs to complete the project on time. Herbert accepts, because if delivery is late he will be liable to pay damages to a third-party. Has Erica provided consideration for the extra money?

Kayleigh offers to sell Tom a crate of tomatoes. She asks him to respond by letter with his signature if he accepts. Tom sends Kayleigh a letter accepting the tomatoes, but does not sign it. Is this a valid acceptance?

Jubedul lets his office know that he is selling his pet cat Bianca for £50, and that if anyone would like to buy her they should let him know. Liz, his co-worker, sends him a letter containing £50, saying that she will buy Bianca. However, she puts the wrong address on the envelope and the letter never arrives. Has Liz accepted Jubedul's offer?

Richard offers to sell Michael a book. Richard knows that Michael believes that the book is signed by the author. Richard did nothing to make him believe this, but nor does he correct Michael. Michael relies on his belief that the book is signed when deciding to buy it. Can Michael rely on the defence of misrepresentation?

When establishing the defence of undue influence, how does the claimant demonstrate 'Type 2B' presumed influence?

Complete this sentence: The defence of mistake renders the contract...

Which four factors indicate that an exclusion or limitation clause is not reasonable under the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977?

If a contract is void ab initio, can either party rely on its terms?

Rod advertises on a website saying he is looking to pay someone to look after his hamster for the weekend. Rosie responds, agreeing. The two draw up a written agreement, which includes a clause saying that it is binding in honour only. Is this agreement a valid contract?

Maisy enters into a contract over the phone with a man falsely claiming to be her long-lost cousin, John. In reality, Maisy does not have a long-lost cousin named John. Maisy later seeks to argue that she should not be bound by the contract, because she would not have entered into the contract had she known the man was not her cousin. Is the man's identity a vital term of the contract?

When should the doctrine of contra proferentem apply?

For an exclusion or limitation clause to be incorporated into a contract by notice, the party relying on the term must have actually made the other party aware of it. True or false?

When establishing the defence of undue influence, how does the claimant demonstrate actual influence?

Can silence be an actionable misrepresentation?

What are the two requirements of the defence of misrepresentation?

When determining if the defence of misrepresentation applies, the courts will presume, in the absence of contrary evidence, that the claimant relied on the statement if a reasonable person would have relied on it. True or false?

What is the purpose of general contract damages?

Sophie hires Anne to install a storm drainage system in her garden. Anne's work is defective, meaning that it does not drain water properly. That summer, an unexpected storm hits and causes considerable water damage to Sophie's garden. The storm was not forecast, and is described in the media as a 'freak' occurrence. Anne argues that the storm was an unforeseeable act of nature, meaning that her breach did not cause Sophie's loss. Is Anne correct?

Marty purchases a package holiday from his friend Emmett. Emmett states that the contract will be agreed on his standard terms, and hands Marty a copy of these terms for him to read. On the front page, in large font and bold red letters, is an exclusion clause. Marty pretends to read it, but because he is illiterate, he does not understand any of it. Emmett knows that Marty is illiterate. Marty agrees to contract on the those terms. Has Emmett taken reasonable steps to give notice to Marty?

Emmy purchases a new fish tank filter from Lee. The filter is defective, and it shuts down. Emmy's incredibly rare and expensive fish die as a result. Lee argues that he should not be liable as it was unforeseeable that the breach would cause such a high degree of loss. Is he correct?

If the literal wording of an express term does not make commercial sense, the courts will intervene to make it more commercially efficient. True or false?

Dennis owes Maureen £1000. He asks her if she will discharge the debt if he pays her £500. Taking pity on him, Maureen agrees. Has Dennis provided consideration for Maureen's promise to accept the lesser amount?

When are damages considered inadequate for the purposes of obtaining specific performance as a remedy? (Two answers)

The parties agree to a contract which stipulates that the defendant will not be paid until he performs his obligations in their entirety. Can this defendant be paid even though there is a breach of contract?

When dealing with the defence of undue influence in a case where a presumption of influence has been raised, can the defendant rebut the presumption?

For the purposes of demonstrating consideration under the rule in Williams v Roffey Bros, which of the following constitute a practical benefit?

A claimant suing for breach of contract can claim both the market difference measure and the cost of cure measure at the same time. True or false?

A person enters into a contract to sell a car, and later discovers the contract is voidable. However, before they can end the contract, they discover that the car has been destroyed. Can the contract be voided?

When establishing the defence of undue influence, how does the claimant demonstrate 'Type 2A' presumed influence?

Can the innocent party prove that a misrepresentation caused them to enter the contract if they had the opportunity to verify the statement, but did not?